OpenBSC February 2024

openbsc@lists.osmocom.org

6 participants
21 discussions

On the use of 'decmatch' in TTCN-3
by Harald Welte 27 Jan '26

27 Jan '26

Hi, I know that TTCN-3 is still new to a lot of you, but we are writing tons of integration testing against the various osmocom programs in it. It is quite amazing technology, and I would like to ask you to bear with me reading this mail :) Pau was stating the question earlier today on not finding an example on how to use decmatch. Indeed, it took me some months to find that gem in the TTCN-3 world. It solves the problem that you often have during test of layered protocol stacks: you have separate encoders/decoders for each protocol layer, and now you want to match on some of the *inner* payload. So normally, you have some kind of header definition + a binary (octetstring) payload. This happens in RSL with the L3_INFO IE, and just the same on BSSAP/DTAP where again the L3 message (for example call control) is encapsulated inside one information element. Now you have multiple options of addressing the problem: a) hand-written calls to the decoder function b) write na 'emulation' for the entire protocol layer c) use decmatch. a) would look like this (pseudo-code): var octetstring l3oct; var RSL_Message rsl RSL.receive(tr_RSL_DATA_REQ(g_chan_nr, ?, ?)) -> value rsl { var PDU_ML3_MS_NW l3 := dec_PDU_ML3_MS_NW(rsl.payload); if (match(l3, some_template)) { ... do something } ... } Which uses the built-in pattern-matching on the RSL port to match any message that matches the tr_RSL_DATA_REQ template, and stores the resulting RSL message in a variable. It then uses an explicit call to the decoder function of the L3 message, and then uses regular conditional expressions for further matching on that inner L3 payload. This is more or less how you would write in C, python or any other quite imperative programming languages. It's very verbose, time consuming and un-abstract/elegant. TTCN-3 has many declarative aspects to it. Code like the above is a waste of your time :) b) would mean that you implement some test component that handles the RSL messages on its bottom side test port, and the L3 messages on its top side test port. That is a possible way, and if you need a lot of state/logic of RSL, it maeks sense. But what if you really simply want to have a match? Then it would be a lot of effort and a large detour. c) decmatch to the rescue! You can write RSL.receive(tr_RSL_DATA_REQ(g_chan_nr, ?, decmatch tr_RRM_RR_STATUS)) which means: * do a receive on the RSL test port, and match on an incoming RSL message that matches the tr_RSL_DATA_REQ template, with channel number specified, link_id any (?), *and* if the octetstring payload, if decoded, matches the template tr_RRM_RR_STATUS ! This is *extremely* powerful and expressive. It allows you to condense complex, parametric template matching over multiple proocol layers. It would in the end match RSL DATA REQUEST, only if they contained a [valid] encoded RR STATUS. See https://gerrit.osmocom.org/6229 for the actual test case I used for the above examples. Please also note that I never had to even write the function name of the decoder (dec_PDU_ML3_MS_NW), but TTCN-3 *automatically* figures out which decoder function it must call in order to decode from the binary octetstring. Happy (TTCN-3) hacking + Osmocom bugfixing, Harald -- - Harald Welte <laforge(a)gnumonks.org> http://laforge.gnumonks.org/ ============================================================================ "Privacy in residential applications is a desirable marketing option." (ETSI EN 300 175-7 Ch. A6)

3 3

osmo-gsm-manuals in project repos: I see no .pdf
by Neels Hofmeyr 08 Jan '26

08 Jan '26

Hi Oliver, so I merged the stuff to add the manuals to the individual git repositories, since you said that it works. But when I do --enable-manuals I don't see any PDF files generated. Also a manual 'make pdf' says "nothing to be done". (I probably should have tried it before merging after all) So what am I doing wrong? Alternatively, can you fix it please? ~N

3 3

Some phones cant receive SMS
by Henry Caga 16 Dec '25

16 Dec '25

Hi, I would like to ask for help regarding my osmo-bsc setup. I have 2 problems as of now. 1) My setup is working fine on my phones, i can send and receive sms. However, on some phones, i can only send sms or call. But i cannot receive sms. I attached the sample logs from the phone that can receive sms and phone that cannot receive sms. I also included my config files. 2) i have a GPSDO TCXO and i wanted to use the maximum setting like setting up the 10mhz reference. what should i set or configure at the config files in order to set it? 3) Is there a way to improve my setup? Im using 50w PA and are there any settings that i have missed? Thank you Henry Phone that can receive sms ========= 20220226175408907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.00% 20220226175408907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226175409767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175414767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175415439 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-UNITDATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:231 N-UNITDATA.ind(00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 09 04 23 1d 63 44 1a 03 05 03 f4 ) 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1259 Rx MSC UDT: 00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 09 04 23 1d 63 44 1a 03 05 03 f4 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1116 Rx MSC UDT BSSMAP PAGING 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:131 Paging request from MSC BTS: 0 IMSI: '515020220004012' TMSI: '0x231d6344/589128516' LAC: 0x3f4 20220226175416335 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1383 (bts=0) CHAN RQD: reason: answer to paging (ra=0x9e, neci=0x01, chreq_reason=0x01) 20220226175416335 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:173 (bts=0) lchan_select_by_type(SDCCH) 20220226175416335 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:87 looking for lchan CCCH+SDCCH4: (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=UNUSED) ss=0 is available 20220226175416335 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:476 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=IN_USE) Tx RSL Channel Activate with act_type=INITIAL 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:461 SUBSCR_CONN[0x558560323460]{INIT}: Allocated 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:489 Tx MSC COMPL L3 20220226175416662 DRSL <0003> gsm_08_08.c:232 RR GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP: TMSI-0x231D6344 matches earlier Paging from msc 0 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:308 Initializing resources for new SCCP connection to MSC 0: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP... 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:532 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{INIT}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.req 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:350 Allocated new connection id: 7 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:354 Opening new SCCP connection (id=7) to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-CONNECT.request) 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:461 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Allocated 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Received Event N-CONNECT.req 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:830 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: state_chg to CONN_PEND_OUT 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:286 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{INIT}: state_chg to WAIT_CC 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:COAK for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: Received Event RCOC-CONNECT_CONFIRM.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:981 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-CONNECT.confirm to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:244 N-CONNECT.cnf(7, ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:247 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{WAIT_CC}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.cfm 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:354 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{WAIT_CC}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 00 0b 2f 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP COMMON ID 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1099 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event COMMON_ID.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 01 03 26 09 01 23 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 17 20 06 d1 32 99 0c 00 00 22 20 62 71 45 51 23 07 f4 f2 9c 9e 76 9f 01 ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 26 09 01 23 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 17 20 06 d1 32 99 0c 00 00 22 20 62 71 45 51 23 07 f4 f2 9c 9e 76 9f 01 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226175416664 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:833 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL ESTABLISH REQ (link_id=0x03) 20220226175416757 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1082 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0): meas_rep_count++=1 meas_rep_last_seen_nr=0 20220226175416907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.20% 20220226175416907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226175417227 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1082 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0): meas_rep_count++=2 meas_rep_last_seen_nr=1 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:548 Tx MSC DTAP LINK_ID=0x03 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:554 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MO_DTAP 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:394 Tx MSC: DTAP 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (01 03 02 89 04 ) 20220226175417839 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175417839 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:548 Tx MSC DTAP LINK_ID=0x03 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:554 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MO_DTAP 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:394 Tx MSC: DTAP 20220226175418076 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (01 03 09 89 01 06 02 00 41 02 00 00 ) 20220226175418076 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175418076 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 01 03 02 09 04 ) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 02 09 04 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 00 04 20 04 01 09 ) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP CLEAR COMMAND 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:473 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event CLEAR_CMD 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:774 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to CLEARING 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:775 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) after BSSMAP Clear Command 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> lchan_fsm.c:1458 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: lchan lchan(0-0-0-CCCH_SDCCH4-0)[0x55856030cee0] detaches from conn 20220226175418085 DRR <0002> gsm_04_08_rr.c:323 Sending Channel Release: Chan: Number: 0 Type: 1 RR-Cause: 0x0 'Normal event' 20220226175418085 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:644 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) DEACTivate SACCH CMD 20220226175418085 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:857 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL RELEASE REQ (link_id=0x03, reason=1) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: CLEAR COMPLETE 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 01 21 ) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:RELRE for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-RELEASED.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DISCONNECT.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:274 N-DISCONNECT.ind(7, , cause=768) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:281 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Received Event DISCONNET.ind 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:862 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: FSM instance already terminating, not dispatching event LCLS_FAIL 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:866 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) because this conn is terminating 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:845 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Putting bsc_subscr 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Freeing instance 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:573 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Deallocated 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1070 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to IDLE 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REQUEST) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Freeing instance 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:573 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Deallocated 20220226175419767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175424767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175424910 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 3.03% 20220226175424910 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds ========= Phone that doesnt receive sms ========== 20220226173512464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173514434 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.00% 20220226173514434 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226173517464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173519748 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-UNITDATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:231 N-UNITDATA.ind(00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 09 04 38 2a bc 18 1a 03 05 03 f4 ) 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1259 Rx MSC UDT: 00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 09 04 38 2a bc 18 1a 03 05 03 f4 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1116 Rx MSC UDT BSSMAP PAGING 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:131 Paging request from MSC BTS: 0 IMSI: '515021172320740' TMSI: '0x382abc18/942324760' LAC: 0x3f4 20220226173522006 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1383 (bts=0) CHAN RQD: reason: answer to paging (ra=0x87, neci=0x01, chreq_reason=0x01) 20220226173522006 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:173 (bts=0) lchan_select_by_type(SDCCH) 20220226173522006 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:87 looking for lchan CCCH+SDCCH4: (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=UNUSED) ss=0 is available 20220226173522006 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:476 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=IN_USE) Tx RSL Channel Activate with act_type=INITIAL 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:461 SUBSCR_CONN[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: Allocated 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:489 Tx MSC COMPL L3 20220226173522295 DRSL <0003> gsm_08_08.c:232 RR GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP: TMSI-0x382ABC18 matches earlier Paging from msc 0 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:308 Initializing resources for new SCCP connection to MSC 0: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP... 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:532 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.req 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:350 Allocated new connection id: 5 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:354 Opening new SCCP connection (id=5) to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-CONNECT.request) 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:461 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Allocated 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Received Event N-CONNECT.req 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:830 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: state_chg to CONN_PEND_OUT 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:286 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: state_chg to WAIT_CC 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:COAK for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: Received Event RCOC-CONNECT_CONFIRM.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:981 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-CONNECT.confirm to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:244 N-CONNECT.cnf(5, ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:247 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{WAIT_CC}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.cfm 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:354 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{WAIT_CC}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 00 0b 2f 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP COMMON ID 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1099 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event COMMON_ID.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 01 03 28 09 01 25 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 19 20 0c 91 36 39 71 82 34 93 00 00 22 20 62 71 53 91 23 06 f4 f2 9c 0e 92 01 ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 28 09 01 25 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 19 20 0c 91 36 39 71 82 34 93 00 00 22 20 62 71 53 91 23 06 f4 f2 9c 0e 92 01 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226173522296 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:833 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL ESTABLISH REQ (link_id=0x03) 20220226173522439 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.20% 20220226173522439 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226173522464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:71 Tx MSC SAPI N REJECT DLCI=0x03 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:74 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event TX_SCCP 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: SAPI N REJECT 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=5) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 06 25 18 03 04 01 25 ) 20220226173522766 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226173522766 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 00 04 20 04 01 09 ) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP CLEAR COMMAND 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:473 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event CLEAR_CMD 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:774 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to CLEARING 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:775 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) after BSSMAP Clear Command 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> lchan_fsm.c:1458 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: lchan lchan(0-0-0-CCCH_SDCCH4-0)[0x56450d5e4240] detaches from conn 20220226173522768 DRR <0002> gsm_04_08_rr.c:323 Sending Channel Release: Chan: Number: 0 Type: 1 RR-Cause: 0x0 'Normal event' 20220226173522768 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:644 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) DEACTivate SACCH CMD 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: CLEAR COMPLETE 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=5) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 01 21 ) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:RELRE for local reference 5 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-RELEASED.ind 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DISCONNECT.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:274 N-DISCONNECT.ind(5, , cause=768) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:281 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Received Event DISCONNET.ind 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:862 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: FSM instance already terminating, not dispatching event LCLS_FAIL 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:866 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) because this conn is terminating 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:845 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Putting bsc_subscr 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Freeing instance 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:573 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Deallocated 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1070 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to IDLE 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REQUEST) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Freeing instance 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:573 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Deallocated ======== Osmo-bts-trx config ! ! OsmoBTS () configuration saved from vty !! ! log stderr logging color 1 logging timestamp 0 logging level rsl notice logging level oml notice logging level rll notice logging level rr notice logging level meas error logging level pag error logging level l1c error logging level l1p error logging level dsp error logging level abis error logging level loop debug ! line vty no login ! phy 0 instance 0 !COMMENT HERE FOR DEFAULT JOJO osmotrx rx-gain 50 osmotrx tx-attenuation 0 !osmotrx rx-gain 10 !osmotrx tx-attenuation oml !osmotrx maxdly 20 osmotrx ip local 127.0.0.1 osmotrx ip remote 127.0.0.1 bts 0 band 900 ipa unit-id 1012 0 oml remote-ip 127.0.0.1 gsmtap-sapi ccch gsmtap-sapi pdtch !ADDED FOR TEST JOJO gsmtap-sapi bcch gsmtap-sapi rach gsmtap-sapi agch gsmtap-sapi sdcch gsmtap-sapi sacch uplink-power-target -110 trx 0 !ms-power-control osmo !power-ramp max-initial 0 dBm !power-ramp step-size 2000 dB !power-ramp step-interval 10 phy 0 instance 0 ========= Osmo-bsc config ========= ! Configuration rendered by osmo-gsm-tester log stderr logging filter all 1 logging color 1 logging print category 1 logging print extended-timestamp 1 logging level all debug line vty no login bind 127.0.0.1 ctrl bind 127.0.0.1 e1_input e1_line 0 driver ipa ipa bind 127.0.0.1 network network country code 515 mobile network code 02 encryption a5 0 neci 1 handover 0 handover window rxlev averaging 10 handover window rxqual averaging 1 handover window rxlev neighbor averaging 10 handover power budget interval 6 handover power budget hysteresis 4 handover maximum distance 9999 allow-unusable-timeslots bts 0 type sysmobts band 900 cell_identity 1012 location_area_code 1012 training_sequence_code 1 base_station_id_code 1 channel-description attach 0 !ms max power 40 cell reselection hysteresis 4 rxlev access min 0 channel allocator ascending rach tx integer 9 rach max transmission 7 ip.access unit_id 1012 0 oml ip.access stream_id 255 line 0 gprs mode none no force-combined-si trx 0 rf_locked 0 arfcn 27 !nominal power 40 nominal power 80 ! to use full TRX power, set max_power_red 0 max_power_red 0 rsl e1 tei 0 timeslot 0 phys_chan_config CCCH+SDCCH4 hopping enabled 0 timeslot 1 phys_chan_config SDCCH8 hopping enabled 0 timeslot 2 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 3 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 4 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 5 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 6 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 7 phys_chan_config PDCH hopping enabled 0 msc 0 !ip.access rtp-base 25000 no bsc-welcome-text no bsc-msc-lost-text no bsc-grace-text type normal allow-emergency allow !codec-list fr1 !amr-config 12_2k forbidden !amr-config 10_2k forbidden !amr-config 7_95k forbidden !amr-config 7_40k forbidden !amr-config 6_70k forbidden !amr-config 5_90k forbidden !amr-config 5_15k forbidden !amr-config 4_75k forbidden mgw remote-ip 127.0.0.1 mgw remote-port 2427 !mgw endpoint-range 1 31 mgw local-ip 127.0.0.1 bsc mid-call-timeout 0 ========== Osmo-msc config ========== ! ! OsmoMSC configuration saved from vty ! log stderr logging filter all 1 logging color 0 logging print category 1 logging timestamp 1 logging level all everything logging level rll notice logging level cc notice logging level mm notice logging level mm debug logging level rr notice logging level pag notice logging level msc notice logging level mgcp notice logging level ho notice logging level ref notice logging level ctrl notice logging level lglobal notice logging level llapd notice logging level linp notice logging level lmux notice logging level lmi notice logging level lmib notice logging level lsms notice logging level lctrl notice logging level lgtp notice logging level lstats notice logging level lgsup notice logging level loap notice logging level lss7 notice logging level lsccp notice logging level lsua notice logging level lm3ua notice logging level lmgcp notice logging level all debug line vty no login bind 127.0.0.1 ! network network country code 515 mobile network code 02 short name GLOBE long name GLOBE encryption a5 0 rrlp mode none mm info 1 timezone 8 0 msc mgw remote-ip 127.0.0.1 mgw remote-port 2427 mgw local-ip 127.0.0.1 !mgw endpoint-range 1 31 !mgw bts-base 8000 assign-tmsi cs7-instance-a 0 check-imei-rqd early !timer vlr T3212 1 ctrl bind 127.0.0.1 mncc-int default-codec tch-f fr default-codec tch-h hr hlr remote-ip 127.0.0.1 smpp local-tcp-port 2775 policy accept-all smpp-first esme bhat password bhat default-route

3 2

Pysim error: SW match failed
by Martin Nagy 16 Aug '25

16 Aug '25

Hi all, After buying a super Sim Kit (16 in 1) from China, I tried the reader (green PCB inside a blue transparent plastic case with a blue LED) and SIM (identified as a fakesupersim) with pysim tool. However i am getting the following error: /pySim-prog.py -n 26C3 -c 49 -x 262 -y 42 -z 1234 -j 1 -t auto Insert card now (or CTRL-C to cancel) Autodetected card type fakemagicsim Generated card parameters : > Name : 26C3 > SMSP : e1ffffffffffffffffffffffff058100945555ffffffffffff000000 > ICCID : 8949262427518313026 > MCC/MNC : 262/42 > IMSI : 262422461512085 > Ki : 7b74741a1ee14337ec23f9ab92a13648 > OPC : ccd867d60797d8d45354a51b3ef568ff Programming ... Traceback (most recent call last): File "./pySim-prog.py", line 530, in <module> card.program(cp) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/cards.py", line 231, in program self._scc.update_binary('6f30', hplmn + 'ff' * (tl-3)) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/commands.py", line 53, in update_binary return self._tp.send_apdu_checksw(pdu) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/transport/__init__.py", line 87, in send_apdu_checksw raise RuntimeError("SW match failed ! Expected %s and got %s." % (sw.lower(), rv[1])) RuntimeError: SW match failed ! Expected 9000 and got 9804. I checked mailing lists and haven’t found anybody who had similar problem with pysim. Also I have tried forcing different models of SIM, but nothing is working. Obviously I can remove this check from the script file (__init__.py in /pySim/transport), however somebody had a reason to put such condition there. I would like to ask if it is safe to remove that line of code and the purpose of that line of code. Thanks a lot and best regards Martin

3 3

Re: Help with sccp library
by mosbah abdelkader 07 Jul '25

07 Jul '25

> I don't understand. This callback will be called with data you need to write > to the network. In case of MTP Level3 you will need to wrap that around the > msgb you got. I means: is the interaction with mtp3 layer implemented (is sending sccp data by mtp3 implemented by the library?)? Also, what about the reception of data from mtp3 layer. is that implemented in the sccp lib. I am asking these questions because I see the code of mtp3 in the lib but no significant call is present in the sccp part of the lib. Thank you for your help.

4 3

dynamic traffic channels
by Neels Hofmeyr 20 May '25

20 May '25

On Tue, Jun 28, 2016 at 10:05:28AM +0200, Harald Welte wrote: > [translated from german] > is it certain that we switch a channel to PDCH only when > gprs mode != none? A TS can be GSM_PCHAN_TCH_F_PDCH; those are the only ones for which we send a PDCH ACT message. We send a PDCH ACT message - during init (CHANNEL OML's state changed to enabled -> send PDCH ACT), - and upon channel release ack when pchan == GSM_PCHAN_TCH_F_PDCH. So the question is, when we receive a channel release ack, could that be the PDCH release and we switch PDCH right back on by accident? No, because we only receive a chan rel ack when the *TCH/F* is being released. That is because the PDCH release is initiated "internally" from the PDCH DEACT, and thus this condition in common/rsl.c rsl_tx_rf_rel_ack() catches on, which existed before dyn PDCH: if (lchan->rel_act_kind != LCHAN_REL_ACT_RSL) { LOGP(DRSL, LOGL_NOTICE, "%s not sending REL ACK\n", gsm_lchan_name(lchan)); return 0; } In rsl_rx_rf_chan_rel() the rel_act_kind is set to LCHAN_REL_ACT_RSL, but not in the rsl_rx_dyn_pdch(). This is analogous to the ip.access way -- the ip.access nanobts replies to a PDCH DEACT with a PDCH DEACT ACK and doesn't send a separate channel release ack. Maybe we could set rel_act_kind to some new LCHAN_REL_ACT_IPAC_DYN_PDCH for clarity? (But we shouldn't actually send a release ack, to stay compatible.) Even though it works as-is, we should indeed add another flag check: - We do check the flags that no ACT/DEACT is already pending; - And we do send a PDCH DEACT only if ts->flags & TS_F_PDCH_ACTIVE; - But we would send a PDCH ACT despite ts->flags & TS_F_PDCH_ACTIVE. This should never happen, but it would make sense to ensure that. ~Neels

3 5

GSMTAP new version (3?)
by Mauro Levra 06 May '24

06 May '24

Dear Osmocom developers, In our project we have been using the gsmtap pseudo-header to store UMTS and LTE signalling traces in pcapng format. This is very efficient compared to our previous implementation based on DLT_USER, and thanks to the gsmtap dissector, it allows any *shark app to read our output file. When looking for the proper type and sub_type for NR signalling traces, I discovered they are not yet part of the standard. I found several threads of discussion about this, from about 2017 onwards, and I understand it is a matter of time and resources if the version 3 of GSMTAP has not been released. The most interesting feature I have read about is the ability to extend the header with a TLV approach. EARFCN, eNodeB-ID, PCI, are useful metadata we would like to add to our traces. In an ideal world, I would like things to be put in motion so that a new version of GSMTAP could see the light. More humbly, I ask you what kind of help is needed. Are you waiting for a draft specification? Are all requirements well known? I suppose that LTE and NR are not the main focus today for liboscmocore development, but there are many projects out there waiting for the GSMTAP format to be updated. Thanks! Mauro

5 11

SDP API choices
by Neels Hofmeyr 26 Feb '24

26 Feb '24

Hi all, I'm currently working on 2G to 3G TrFO voice negotiation. In practice, that means, to be able to negotiate a set of AMR rates via SDP. And that, in turn, means that we handle fmtp properly in SDP strings. SDP is not only used in SIP to the other call leg, but also in the MGCP to the media gateway. - So we have a bunch of SDP and fmtp related code in osmo-mgw.git. - Separately, we have an SDP implementation in osmo-msc.git, because the SDP code in osmo-mgw.git was too tightly coupled with other code to be able to reuse it for MNCC->SIP. For fmtp negotiation, I now want similar things in both mgw and msc. What I want to do now, is move the SDP implementation from osmo-msc.git to osmo-mgw.git/libosmo-mgcp-client and make it public API: a common place that will also enable all other MGCP clients to work with AMR fmtp. All of this was just the intro =) the question I would like to put out there is about API design: static or dynamic, and opaque or transparent. Am I overthinking this? Or would you like to overthink it with me? == static or dynamic == In osmo-msc.git, the SDP structs so far are fully static and self-contained. The cool thing is that they can be copied around quite easily and there is no need for passing talloc ctx pointers, no need to worry about ownership, memleaks and double frees. But it also means that it uses fixed sizes: - char encoding_name[16], - char fmtp[256], - struct sdp_audio_codec codecs[32] and so on. Unfortunately, RFC-8866 does not define any limits whatsoever on number of characters or number of codecs in an SDP message. Quoting: "although no length limit is given, it is recommended that they be short" Thanks for nothing! >:( So for static API design, we need to now pick a good size for every single item in advance. When fmtp has max 256 bytes and codec lists have max 32 entries, even an empty list will use 32 * 256+ bytes: lots of heap allocations. And the limits are hard: anyone wanting to correctly express more than 32 different codec variants can simply not use this library. Dynamic seems a much better fit for RFC-8866. There is practically no limit at all on string length / list length. Also the caller allocates not one byte more memory than is actually needed. The argument has been going back and forth in my head for weeks. Static makes things so much simpler. But what sizes should we dictate. Ok then dynamic. But these days we have "infinite" memory, the bottleneck is CPU time, so if we can be static, we are gracious on very cheap real estate (memory) while saving a lot of the precious stuff (cycles). Ok then static. But with all those AMR variants that are coming up, I want to at least be able to represent all of them in one list, so I need at least 64 entries. And let's allow long fmtp strings, who knows. Then we'll end up with ~20kb of data that every codec list out there will use up, even if it is empty. Even if it is just a temporary local variable. Even if it is just dragged along for a rare use case and never actually needed. Is it really faster to allocate 100 times more memory statically versus allocating just enough but dynamically? In the end I decided for dynamic allocation. When I started adding talloc ctx args, I wanted the API to be simple, so every single part of the puzzle is now its own dynamic allocation: struct osmo_sdp_msg { char *username; // talloc_strdup() char *session_name; // talloc_strdup() [...] struct osmo_sdp_codec_list *codecs; // osmo_sdp_codec_list_alloc() // llist_head // -> osmo_sdp_codec_alloc() // \___ char *encoding_name -> talloc_strdup() // _ char *fmtp -> talloc_strdup() // -next-> osmo_sdp_codec_alloc() // \___ ... // -next-> osmo_sdp_codec_alloc() // \___ ... }; All of this used to be just a single self-contained struct. You might ask, why is 'codecs', which is just the llist_head, a separate allocation? Because I want the API to trivially figure out the talloc parent context to allocate items from: osmo_codec_list_add(my_list, my_codec); and not have to worry about the individual code paths' parent context to allocate new entries from: osmo_codec_list_add(&my_obj->my_list, my_obj->backpointer.backpointer.ctx, my_codec); So the only functions with a talloc ctx argument are osmo_codec_alloc(ctx) and osmo_codec_list_alloc(ctx) This style has a tendency to spread: Now I want to also make osmo-msc's struct codec_filter a dynamic allocation, because the codec_filter_foo() currently have no ctx argument; they still use the static SDP structs. When the codec_filter pointer itself is the neat logical talloc parent of the codec lists it uses, then I don't need to add a separate ctx arg everywhere now. Am I taking this too far now? Am I overthinking it and either way is fine? == opaque vs transparent == I can either have the full struct definition in the .h file = transparent, or I can hide the struct in the .c file and provide lots of getter and setter functions = opaque. Both ways have a major advantage over the other: - opaque means that we can freely extend the API without any ABI breakage, ever. - transparent means that callers can easily define const arrays of data structures. In my case, I want to keep const lists of const codecs for e.g. test data in unit tests, for listing known codecs in codec_mapping.c, for defining default codec configuration. transparent allows: const struct osmo_sdp_codec ran_defaults = { { .encoding_name = "AMR", .rate = 8000, .fmtp = "octet-align=1;mode-set=0,2,4,7", .payload_type = 112, }, { .encoding_name = "AMR", .rate = 8000, .fmtp = "octet-align=1;mode-set=0,2,4", .payload_type = 112, }, { .encoding_name = "AMR", .rate = 8000, .fmtp = "mode-set=0,2,4,7", .payload_type = 112, }, { .encoding_name = "AMR", .rate = 8000, .fmtp = "mode-set=0,2,4", .payload_type = 112, }, { .encoding_name = "GSM-EFR", .rate = 8000, .payload_type = 110, }, { .encoding_name = "GSM", .rate = 8000, .payload_type = 3, }, { .encoding_name = "GSM-HR-08", .rate = 8000, .payload_type = 111, }, }; int i; for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ran_defaults); i++) osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, &defaults[i]) printf("%s", codec->encoding_name); if (!strcmp(codec->encoding_name, "AMR")) printf(":%s", codec->fmtp); same in opaque: osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "AMR", 8000, "octet-align=1;mode-set=0,2,4,7", 112); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "AMR", 8000, "octet-align=1;mode-set=0,2,4", 112); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "AMR", 8000, "mode-set=0,2,4,7", 112); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "AMR", 8000, "mode-set=0,2,4", 112); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "GSM-EFR", 8000, NULL, 110); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "GSM", 8000, NULL, 3); osmo_sdp_codec_list_add(g_ran_codecs_cfg, "GSM-HR-08", 8000, NULL, 111); printf("%s", osmo_sdp_codec_get_encoding_name(codec)); if (!strcmp(osmo_sdp_codec_get_encoding_name(codec), "AMR")) printf(":%s", osmo_sdp_codec_get_ftmp(codec)); The opaque looks alright in comparison, but - being able to enlist a struct osmo_sdp_codec in a const array is powerful, allowing the paradigm to replace code complexity by good data structures. So used in codec_mapping.c in osmo-msc. - requiring getters and setters for each end every member creates a long list of API functions: 'get' and 'set' for each orthogonal member; we might be tempted to "dupe" many llist_*() functions for osmo_sdp_codec_list. - having to call functions for each end every member makes the code a lot more noisy. - it forces all allocation decisions down onto the caller = only using the API author's favorite dynamic allocation, hello memleaks etc. IMHO, opaque APIs are often lots of code with very low density of actually important stuff. /* This function gets foo. */ struct foo *get_foo(x) { return x->foo; } This is so plump and boring!! Currently I am following the transparent way, and putting 'bool v2;' extension flags for a distant future in the structs' ends. But there has been a discussion here that the truly good APIs are opaque. talloc, libSDL, libsndfile come to mind. == both == Finally, these two aspects are interdependent: An opaque API *has* to be dynamic. So far, I am moving from the transparent+static implementation to transparent+dynamic. Should I also go the "next" step to opaque+dynamic? I don't really want to... I've had these considerations many times in my life, and there never seems to be the one best way. Thanks for your thoughts! If you need more code reference for what I am talking about: old static: https://cgit.osmocom.org/osmo-msc/tree/include/osmocom/msc/sdp_msg.h?id=1b1… https://cgit.osmocom.org/osmo-msc/tree/src/libmsc/sdp_msg.c?id=1b1a39bea1c5… new dynamic+transparent: https://cgit.osmocom.org/osmo-mgw/tree/include/osmocom/sdp?h=neels/sdp&id=2… https://cgit.osmocom.org/osmo-mgw/tree/src/libosmo-sdp?h=neels/sdp&id=24c09… ~N -- - Neels Hofmeyr <nhofmeyr(a)sysmocom.de> http://www.sysmocom.de/ ======================================================================= * sysmocom - systems for mobile communications GmbH * Alt-Moabit 93 * 10559 Berlin, Germany * Sitz / Registered office: Berlin, HRB 134158 B * Geschäftsführer / Managing Directors: Harald Welte

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ERROR Trying to dispatch event 17 to non-existent FSM instance!
by JPichel 08 Feb '24

08 Feb '24

Hi, I hope this is the place to ask this, if not I will delete this post. I am trying to run my own 2G network for researching purposes. I am running the following elements: - osmo-bts-trx (connecting to osmo-trx-uhd driving a USRP B205mini-i) - osmo-bsc - osmo-msc - osmo-hlr - osmo-mgw I built all the programs from source on Ubuntu 22.04. Everything is running locally on one machine. Everything seems to be running OK. I was able to register two different subscribers by IMSI (without providing K and OPc) and assign MSISDN tothem. They can use the default USSD codes for seeing their IMSI and their MSISDN and I can make voice calls between both subscribers. I am mostly using the default config files provided with the installation, the only changes I made to them was to point IPs to 127.0.0.1 to run everything on the same machine. But when starting osmo-bsc and osmo-msc I get the same error on both: jonathan@em680:~/tfg/osmo/config$ osmo-msc -c osmo-msc.cfg DLGLOBAL NOTICE Available via telnet 127.0.0.1 4254 (telnet_interface.c:88) DLCTRL NOTICE CTRL at 127.0.0.1 4255 (control_if.c:1014) DLGSUP NOTICE GSUP connecting to 127.0.0.1:4222 (gsup_client.c:74) DDB NOTICE Init database connection to 'sms.db' using SQLite3 lib version 3.37.2 (db.c:521) DLMGCP NOTICE MGW(mgw) MGCP client: using endpoint domain '@mgw' (mgcp_client.c:933) DMSC NOTICE MGW pool with 1 pool members configured, (ignoring MGW configuration in VTY node 'msc'). (msc_main.c:596) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Creating SS7 instance (sccp_user.c:536) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Using SS7 instance 0, pc:0.23.1 (sccp_user.c:563) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Creating AS instance (sccp_user.c:570) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Using AS instance as-clnt-OsmoMSC-A (sccp_user.c:581) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Creating default route (sccp_user.c:587) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: No unassociated ASP for m3ua, creating new ASP asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A (sccp_user.c:626) DLGLOBAL ERROR Trying to dispatch event 17 to non-existent FSM instance! (osmo_ss7_as.c:118) DLGLOBAL ERROR backtrace() returned 11 addresses (backtrace.c:42) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmocore.so.21(osmo_log_backtrace+0x24) [0x7fc1ddd9fdcc] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmocore.so.21(_osmo_fsm_inst_dispatch+0x144) [0x7fc1dddaade7] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmo-sigtran.so.9(osmo_ss7_as_add_asp+0x1f9) [0x7fc1ddcfb80c] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmo-sigtran.so.9(osmo_sccp_simple_client_on_ss7_id+0xa48) [0x7fc1ddd1dd5e] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-msc(+0x26fd8) [0x55fa5388bfd8] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-msc(+0x27043) [0x55fa5388c043] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-msc(+0x27bed) [0x55fa5388cbed] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(+0x29d90) [0x7fc1dd95fd90] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0x80) [0x7fc1dd95fe40] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-msc(+0x26565) [0x55fa5388b565] (backtrace.c:53) DLSCCP NOTICE OsmoMSC-A: Using ASP instance asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A (sccp_user.c:695) DLSS7 NOTICE 0: Creating SCCP instance (osmo_ss7.c:408) DSGS NOTICE SGs socket bound to r=NULL<->l=0.0.0.0:29118 (sgs_server.c:186) DMSC NOTICE A-interface: SCCP user OsmoMSC-A:RI=SSN_PC,PC=(no PC),SSN=BSSAP, cs7-instance 0 ((null)) (msc_main.c:806) DLINP NOTICE 127.0.0.1:4222 connection done (ipa.c:141) DLINP NOTICE received ID_GET for unit ID 0/0/0 (ipaccess.c:919) DLM3UA NOTICE 0: asp-asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A: Received NOTIFY Type State Change:AS Inactive () (m3ua.c:625) DLSS7 NOTICE xua_default_lm(asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A)[0x55fa542bb080]{ACTIVE}: Ignoring primitive M-ASP_ACTIVE.confirm (xua_default_lm_fsm.c:400) DLM3UA NOTICE 0: asp-asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A: Received NOTIFY Type State Change:AS Active () (m3ua.c:625) DLM3UA NOTICE 0: asp-asp-clnt-OsmoMSC-A: Rx DAVA() for 0.23.3/0, (xua_snm.c:403) ... jonathan@em680:~/tfg/osmo/config$ osmo-bsc -c osmo-bsc.cfg DLGLOBAL NOTICE Available via telnet 127.0.0.1 4242 (telnet_interface.c:88) DLINP NOTICE enabling ipaccess BSC mode on 0.0.0.0 with OML 3002 and RSL 3003 TCP ports (ipaccess.c:1055) DLCTRL NOTICE CTRL at 127.0.0.1 4249 (control_if.c:1014) DLMGCP NOTICE MGW(mgw) MGCP client: using endpoint domain '@mgw' (mgcp_client.c:933) DNM NOTICE MGW pool with 1 pool members configured, (ignoring MGW configuration in VTY node 'msc'). (osmo_bsc_main.c:889) DMSC NOTICE To auto-configure msc 0, creating cs7 instance 0 implicitly (osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:600) DMSC NOTICE Initializing SCCP connection for A/m3ua on cs7 instance 0 (osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:647) DLSCCP ERROR SS7 instance 0: no primary point-code set, using default point-code (sccp_user.c:557) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: Using SS7 instance 0, pc:0.23.3 (sccp_user.c:563) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: Creating AS instance (sccp_user.c:570) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: Using AS instance as-clnt-A-0-m3ua (sccp_user.c:581) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: Creating default route (sccp_user.c:587) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: No unassociated ASP for m3ua, creating new ASP asp-clnt-A-0-m3ua (sccp_user.c:626) DLGLOBAL ERROR Trying to dispatch event 17 to non-existent FSM instance! (osmo_ss7_as.c:118) DLGLOBAL ERROR backtrace() returned 10 addresses (backtrace.c:42) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmocore.so.21(osmo_log_backtrace+0x24) [0x7f990ff0ddcc] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmocore.so.21(_osmo_fsm_inst_dispatch+0x144) [0x7f990ff18de7] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmo-sigtran.so.9(osmo_ss7_as_add_asp+0x1f9) [0x7f990fe9380c] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /usr/local/lib/libosmo-sigtran.so.9(osmo_sccp_simple_client_on_ss7_id+0xa48) [0x7f990feb5d5e] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-bsc(+0x144035) [0x556b310d7035] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-bsc(+0x2aef0) [0x556b30fbdef0] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(+0x29d90) [0x7f990fc55d90] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0x80) [0x7f990fc55e40] (backtrace.c:53) DLGLOBAL ERROR osmo-bsc(+0x28265) [0x556b30fbb265] (backtrace.c:53) DLSCCP NOTICE A-0-m3ua: Using ASP instance asp-clnt-A-0-m3ua (sccp_user.c:695) DLSS7 NOTICE 0: Creating SCCP instance (osmo_ss7.c:408) DMSC NOTICE A-0-m3ua msc-0: local (BSC) SCCP address: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.3,SSN=BSSAP (osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:703) DMSC NOTICE A-0-m3ua msc-0: remote (MSC) SCCP address: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:705) DMSC NOTICE A-0-m3ua msc-0: binding SCCP user (osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:710) DLSS7 ERROR XUA_AS(as-clnt-A-0-m3ua)[0x556b31b42cc0]{AS_INACTIVE}: Event AS-TRANSFER.req not permitted (m3ua.c:510) DLM3UA NOTICE 0: asp-asp-clnt-A-0-m3ua: Received NOTIFY Type State Change:AS Inactive () (m3ua.c:625) DLSS7 NOTICE xua_default_lm(asp-clnt-A-0-m3ua)[0x556b31b445c0]{ACTIVE}: Ignoring primitive M-ASP_ACTIVE.confirm (xua_default_lm_fsm.c:400) DLM3UA NOTICE 0: asp-asp-clnt-A-0-m3ua: Received NOTIFY Type State Change:AS Active () (m3ua.c:625) DMSC NOTICE RESET ACK from MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (osmo_bsc_bssap.c:84) DRESET NOTICE bssmap_reset(msc-0)[0x556b31b45790]{CONNECTED}: link up (bssmap_reset.c:83) DMSC NOTICE (msc0) BSSMAP association is up (a_reset.c:45) DLINP NOTICE 0.0.0.0:3002 accept()ed new link from 127.0.0.1:38477 (ipa.c:318) DLINP NOTICE Keepalive is set: 0 (ipaccess.c:612) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'GPRS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'EGPRS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'HOPPING' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'MULTI_TSC' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'OML_ALERTS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'CBCH' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'SPEECH_F_V1' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'SPEECH_H_V1' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'SPEECH_F_EFR' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'SPEECH_F_AMR' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'SPEECH_H_AMR' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'ETWS_PN' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'PAGING_COORDINATION' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'IPV6_NSVC' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'ACCH_REP' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'CCN' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'VAMOS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'ABIS_OSMO_PCU' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'BCCH_PWR_RED' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'DYN_TS_SDCCH8' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'ACCH_TEMP_OVP' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'VBS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Get Attributes Response: feature 'VGCS' is supported (abis_nm.c:599) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): ARI reported sw[0/2]: osmobts is 1.7.0.54-82a2 (abis_nm.c:652) DNM NOTICE OC=BTS(01) INST=(00,ff,ff): Reported variant: osmo-bts-trx (abis_nm.c:534) DNM ERROR OC=RADIO-CARRIER(02) INST=(00,00,ff): Attribute SW Configuration is unreported (abis_nm.c:557) DNM ERROR OC=BASEBAND-TRANSCEIVER(04) INST=(00,00,ff): Attribute Manufacturer Dependent State is unreported (abis_nm.c:557) DNM NOTICE OC=BASEBAND-TRANSCEIVER(04) INST=(00,00,ff): ARI reported sw[0/1]: TRX_PHY_VERSION is Unknown (abis_nm.c:652) DLINP NOTICE 0.0.0.0:3003 accept()ed new link from 127.0.0.1:37491 (ipa.c:318) DLINP NOTICE Keepalive is set: 0 (ipaccess.c:612) ... Is it something I should worry about? Thanks

2 1

CRM Assignment Help at Your Fingertips
by fa318991＠gmail.com 06 Feb '24

06 Feb '24

Empower your journey in customer relationship management (CRM) with our comprehensive support services. Our team specializes in providing expert guidance and assistance tailored to your CRM assignment needs. From analyzing customer data to implementing effective strategies, our CRM Assignment Help ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and skills to excel. Trust us to be your partner in success as you navigate the complexities. Let our expertise be at your fingertips, guiding you toward academic achievement and more visit our website Now.https://reportwritinghelp.com/assignment/consumer-behavior-assignment-h…

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