OpenBSC March 2025

openbsc@lists.osmocom.org

5 participants
22 discussions

osmo-gsm-manuals in project repos: I see no .pdf
by Neels Hofmeyr 08 Jan '26

08 Jan '26

Hi Oliver, so I merged the stuff to add the manuals to the individual git repositories, since you said that it works. But when I do --enable-manuals I don't see any PDF files generated. Also a manual 'make pdf' says "nothing to be done". (I probably should have tried it before merging after all) So what am I doing wrong? Alternatively, can you fix it please? ~N

3 3

Excel in NURS FPX 4010 Assessments with Our Expert Online Tutoring
by williammores96＠gmail.com 05 Jan '26

05 Jan '26

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4 6

Some phones cant receive SMS
by Henry Caga 16 Dec '25

16 Dec '25

Hi, I would like to ask for help regarding my osmo-bsc setup. I have 2 problems as of now. 1) My setup is working fine on my phones, i can send and receive sms. However, on some phones, i can only send sms or call. But i cannot receive sms. I attached the sample logs from the phone that can receive sms and phone that cannot receive sms. I also included my config files. 2) i have a GPSDO TCXO and i wanted to use the maximum setting like setting up the 10mhz reference. what should i set or configure at the config files in order to set it? 3) Is there a way to improve my setup? Im using 50w PA and are there any settings that i have missed? Thank you Henry Phone that can receive sms ========= 20220226175408907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.00% 20220226175408907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226175409767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175414767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175415439 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-UNITDATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:231 N-UNITDATA.ind(00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 09 04 23 1d 63 44 1a 03 05 03 f4 ) 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1259 Rx MSC UDT: 00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 09 04 23 1d 63 44 1a 03 05 03 f4 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1116 Rx MSC UDT BSSMAP PAGING 20220226175415439 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:131 Paging request from MSC BTS: 0 IMSI: '515020220004012' TMSI: '0x231d6344/589128516' LAC: 0x3f4 20220226175416335 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1383 (bts=0) CHAN RQD: reason: answer to paging (ra=0x9e, neci=0x01, chreq_reason=0x01) 20220226175416335 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:173 (bts=0) lchan_select_by_type(SDCCH) 20220226175416335 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:87 looking for lchan CCCH+SDCCH4: (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=UNUSED) ss=0 is available 20220226175416335 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:476 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=IN_USE) Tx RSL Channel Activate with act_type=INITIAL 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:461 SUBSCR_CONN[0x558560323460]{INIT}: Allocated 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:489 Tx MSC COMPL L3 20220226175416662 DRSL <0003> gsm_08_08.c:232 RR GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP: TMSI-0x231D6344 matches earlier Paging from msc 0 20220226175416662 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:308 Initializing resources for new SCCP connection to MSC 0: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP... 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:532 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{INIT}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.req 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:350 Allocated new connection id: 7 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:354 Opening new SCCP connection (id=7) to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-CONNECT.request) 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:461 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Allocated 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Received Event N-CONNECT.req 20220226175416663 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:830 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: state_chg to CONN_PEND_OUT 20220226175416663 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:286 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{INIT}: state_chg to WAIT_CC 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:COAK for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: Received Event RCOC-CONNECT_CONFIRM.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:981 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-CONNECT.confirm to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:244 N-CONNECT.cnf(7, ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:247 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{WAIT_CC}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.cfm 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:354 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{WAIT_CC}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 00 0b 2f 08 08 59 51 20 20 02 00 04 21 ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP COMMON ID 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1099 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event COMMON_ID.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175416664 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 01 03 26 09 01 23 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 17 20 06 d1 32 99 0c 00 00 22 20 62 71 45 51 23 07 f4 f2 9c 9e 76 9f 01 ) 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 26 09 01 23 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 17 20 06 d1 32 99 0c 00 00 22 20 62 71 45 51 23 07 f4 f2 9c 9e 76 9f 01 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226175416664 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226175416664 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:833 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL ESTABLISH REQ (link_id=0x03) 20220226175416757 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1082 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0): meas_rep_count++=1 meas_rep_last_seen_nr=0 20220226175416907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.20% 20220226175416907 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226175417227 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1082 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0): meas_rep_count++=2 meas_rep_last_seen_nr=1 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:548 Tx MSC DTAP LINK_ID=0x03 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:554 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MO_DTAP 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:394 Tx MSC: DTAP 20220226175417839 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (01 03 02 89 04 ) 20220226175417839 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175417839 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:548 Tx MSC DTAP LINK_ID=0x03 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:554 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MO_DTAP 20220226175418075 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:394 Tx MSC: DTAP 20220226175418076 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (01 03 09 89 01 06 02 00 41 02 00 00 ) 20220226175418076 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175418076 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 01 03 02 09 04 ) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 02 09 04 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(7, 00 04 20 04 01 09 ) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x55856030c700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP CLEAR COMMAND 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:473 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: Received Event CLEAR_CMD 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:774 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to CLEARING 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:775 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) after BSSMAP Clear Command 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> lchan_fsm.c:1458 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: lchan lchan(0-0-0-CCCH_SDCCH4-0)[0x55856030cee0] detaches from conn 20220226175418085 DRR <0002> gsm_04_08_rr.c:323 Sending Channel Release: Chan: Number: 0 Type: 1 RR-Cause: 0x0 'Normal event' 20220226175418085 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:644 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) DEACTivate SACCH CMD 20220226175418085 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:857 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL RELEASE REQ (link_id=0x03, reason=1) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: CLEAR COMPLETE 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=7) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 01 21 ) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:RELRE for local reference 7 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-RELEASED.ind 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DISCONNECT.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:274 N-DISCONNECT.ind(7, , cause=768) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:281 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Received Event DISCONNET.ind 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR) 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:862 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: FSM instance already terminating, not dispatching event LCLS_FAIL 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:866 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) because this conn is terminating 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:845 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Putting bsc_subscr 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Freeing instance 20220226175418085 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:573 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn7_IMSI515020220004012)[0x558560323460]{CLEARING}: Deallocated 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1070 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to IDLE 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REQUEST) 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Freeing instance 20220226175418085 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:573 SCCP-SCOC(7)[0x55856030ca50]{IDLE}: Deallocated 20220226175419767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175424767 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226175424910 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 3.03% 20220226175424910 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds ========= Phone that doesnt receive sms ========== 20220226173512464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173514434 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.00% 20220226173514434 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226173517464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173519748 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-UNITDATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:231 N-UNITDATA.ind(00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 09 04 38 2a bc 18 1a 03 05 03 f4 ) 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1259 Rx MSC UDT: 00 16 52 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 09 04 38 2a bc 18 1a 03 05 03 f4 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1116 Rx MSC UDT BSSMAP PAGING 20220226173519748 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:131 Paging request from MSC BTS: 0 IMSI: '515021172320740' TMSI: '0x382abc18/942324760' LAC: 0x3f4 20220226173522006 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:1383 (bts=0) CHAN RQD: reason: answer to paging (ra=0x87, neci=0x01, chreq_reason=0x01) 20220226173522006 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:173 (bts=0) lchan_select_by_type(SDCCH) 20220226173522006 DRLL <0000> lchan_select.c:87 looking for lchan CCCH+SDCCH4: (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=UNUSED) ss=0 is available 20220226173522006 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:476 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,pchan=CCCH+SDCCH4,state=IN_USE) Tx RSL Channel Activate with act_type=INITIAL 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:461 SUBSCR_CONN[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: Allocated 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:489 Tx MSC COMPL L3 20220226173522295 DRSL <0003> gsm_08_08.c:232 RR GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP: TMSI-0x382ABC18 matches earlier Paging from msc 0 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:308 Initializing resources for new SCCP connection to MSC 0: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP... 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:532 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.req 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:350 Allocated new connection id: 5 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:354 Opening new SCCP connection (id=5) to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-CONNECT.request) 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:461 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Allocated 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Received Event N-CONNECT.req 20220226173522295 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:830 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: state_chg to CONN_PEND_OUT 20220226173522295 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:286 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn4294967295_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{INIT}: state_chg to WAIT_CC 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:COAK for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: Received Event RCOC-CONNECT_CONFIRM.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:981 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{CONN_PEND_OUT}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-CONNECT.confirm to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:244 N-CONNECT.cnf(5, ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:247 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{WAIT_CC}: Received Event MO-CONNECT.cfm 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:354 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{WAIT_CC}: state_chg to ACTIVE 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 00 0b 2f 08 08 59 51 20 11 27 23 70 04 ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP COMMON ID 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1099 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event COMMON_ID.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522296 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 01 03 28 09 01 25 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 19 20 0c 91 36 39 71 82 34 93 00 00 22 20 62 71 53 91 23 06 f4 f2 9c 0e 92 01 ) 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1208 Rx MSC DTAP: 01 03 28 09 01 25 01 00 07 91 44 77 58 10 06 50 00 19 20 0c 91 36 39 71 82 34 93 00 00 22 20 62 71 53 91 23 06 f4 f2 9c 0e 92 01 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1232 Rx MSC DTAP, SAPI: 3 CHAN: 0 20220226173522296 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1249 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event MT_DTAP 20220226173522296 DRLL <0000> abis_rsl.c:833 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) RSL RLL ESTABLISH REQ (link_id=0x03) 20220226173522439 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:240 (bts=0) channel load average is 0.20% 20220226173522439 DRLL <0000> chan_alloc.c:253 (bts=0) T3122 wait indicator set to 10 seconds 20220226173522464 DNM <0004> abis_nm.c:345 BTS 0 reported connected PCU version 0.8.0.178-b75c2 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:71 Tx MSC SAPI N REJECT DLCI=0x03 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> gsm_08_08.c:74 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event TX_SCCP 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: SAPI N REJECT 20220226173522766 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=5) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 06 25 18 03 04 01 25 ) 20220226173522766 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226173522766 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:CODT for local reference 5 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-DT1.ind 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DATA.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:261 N-DATA.ind(5, 00 04 20 04 01 09 ) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> a_reset.c:227 A-RESET(msc-0)[0x56450d5d3700]{CONN}: Received Event EV_N_CONNECT 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:1153 Rx MSC DT1 BSSMAP CLEAR COMMAND 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_bssap.c:473 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: Received Event CLEAR_CMD 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:774 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to CLEARING 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:775 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) after BSSMAP Clear Command 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> lchan_fsm.c:1458 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: lchan lchan(0-0-0-CCCH_SDCCH4-0)[0x56450d5e4240] detaches from conn 20220226173522768 DRR <0002> gsm_04_08_rr.c:323 Sending Channel Release: Chan: Number: 0 Type: 1 RR-Cause: 0x0 'Normal event' 20220226173522768 DRSL <0003> abis_rsl.c:644 (bts=0,trx=0,ts=0,ss=0) DEACTivate SACCH CMD 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:390 Tx MSC: BSSMAP: CLEAR COMPLETE 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:418 Sending connection (id=5) oriented data to MSC: RI=SSN_PC,PC=0.23.1,SSN=BSSAP (00 01 21 ) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1729 Received SCCP User Primitive (N-DATA.request) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1769 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event N-DATA.req 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1662 Received CO:RELRE for local reference 5 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1695 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: Received Event RCOC-RELEASED.ind 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_user.c:175 Delivering N-DISCONNECT.indication to SCCP User 'msc-0' 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:274 N-DISCONNECT.ind(5, , cause=768) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> osmo_bsc_sigtran.c:281 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Received Event DISCONNET.ind 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR) 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:862 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: FSM instance already terminating, not dispatching event LCLS_FAIL 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:866 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Releasing all lchans (if any) because this conn is terminating 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:845 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Putting bsc_subscr 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> bsc_subscr_conn_fsm.c:791 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Freeing instance 20220226173522768 DMSC <0007> fsm.c:573 SUBSCR_CONN(msc0-conn5_IMSI515021172320740)[0x56450d5e3f80]{CLEARING}: Deallocated 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:1070 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{ACTIVE}: state_chg to IDLE 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REQUEST) 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> sccp_scoc.c:517 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Freeing instance 20220226173522768 DLSCCP <0020> fsm.c:573 SCCP-SCOC(5)[0x56450d5e2160]{IDLE}: Deallocated ======== Osmo-bts-trx config ! ! OsmoBTS () configuration saved from vty !! ! log stderr logging color 1 logging timestamp 0 logging level rsl notice logging level oml notice logging level rll notice logging level rr notice logging level meas error logging level pag error logging level l1c error logging level l1p error logging level dsp error logging level abis error logging level loop debug ! line vty no login ! phy 0 instance 0 !COMMENT HERE FOR DEFAULT JOJO osmotrx rx-gain 50 osmotrx tx-attenuation 0 !osmotrx rx-gain 10 !osmotrx tx-attenuation oml !osmotrx maxdly 20 osmotrx ip local 127.0.0.1 osmotrx ip remote 127.0.0.1 bts 0 band 900 ipa unit-id 1012 0 oml remote-ip 127.0.0.1 gsmtap-sapi ccch gsmtap-sapi pdtch !ADDED FOR TEST JOJO gsmtap-sapi bcch gsmtap-sapi rach gsmtap-sapi agch gsmtap-sapi sdcch gsmtap-sapi sacch uplink-power-target -110 trx 0 !ms-power-control osmo !power-ramp max-initial 0 dBm !power-ramp step-size 2000 dB !power-ramp step-interval 10 phy 0 instance 0 ========= Osmo-bsc config ========= ! Configuration rendered by osmo-gsm-tester log stderr logging filter all 1 logging color 1 logging print category 1 logging print extended-timestamp 1 logging level all debug line vty no login bind 127.0.0.1 ctrl bind 127.0.0.1 e1_input e1_line 0 driver ipa ipa bind 127.0.0.1 network network country code 515 mobile network code 02 encryption a5 0 neci 1 handover 0 handover window rxlev averaging 10 handover window rxqual averaging 1 handover window rxlev neighbor averaging 10 handover power budget interval 6 handover power budget hysteresis 4 handover maximum distance 9999 allow-unusable-timeslots bts 0 type sysmobts band 900 cell_identity 1012 location_area_code 1012 training_sequence_code 1 base_station_id_code 1 channel-description attach 0 !ms max power 40 cell reselection hysteresis 4 rxlev access min 0 channel allocator ascending rach tx integer 9 rach max transmission 7 ip.access unit_id 1012 0 oml ip.access stream_id 255 line 0 gprs mode none no force-combined-si trx 0 rf_locked 0 arfcn 27 !nominal power 40 nominal power 80 ! to use full TRX power, set max_power_red 0 max_power_red 0 rsl e1 tei 0 timeslot 0 phys_chan_config CCCH+SDCCH4 hopping enabled 0 timeslot 1 phys_chan_config SDCCH8 hopping enabled 0 timeslot 2 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 3 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 4 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 5 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 6 phys_chan_config TCH/F hopping enabled 0 timeslot 7 phys_chan_config PDCH hopping enabled 0 msc 0 !ip.access rtp-base 25000 no bsc-welcome-text no bsc-msc-lost-text no bsc-grace-text type normal allow-emergency allow !codec-list fr1 !amr-config 12_2k forbidden !amr-config 10_2k forbidden !amr-config 7_95k forbidden !amr-config 7_40k forbidden !amr-config 6_70k forbidden !amr-config 5_90k forbidden !amr-config 5_15k forbidden !amr-config 4_75k forbidden mgw remote-ip 127.0.0.1 mgw remote-port 2427 !mgw endpoint-range 1 31 mgw local-ip 127.0.0.1 bsc mid-call-timeout 0 ========== Osmo-msc config ========== ! ! OsmoMSC configuration saved from vty ! log stderr logging filter all 1 logging color 0 logging print category 1 logging timestamp 1 logging level all everything logging level rll notice logging level cc notice logging level mm notice logging level mm debug logging level rr notice logging level pag notice logging level msc notice logging level mgcp notice logging level ho notice logging level ref notice logging level ctrl notice logging level lglobal notice logging level llapd notice logging level linp notice logging level lmux notice logging level lmi notice logging level lmib notice logging level lsms notice logging level lctrl notice logging level lgtp notice logging level lstats notice logging level lgsup notice logging level loap notice logging level lss7 notice logging level lsccp notice logging level lsua notice logging level lm3ua notice logging level lmgcp notice logging level all debug line vty no login bind 127.0.0.1 ! network network country code 515 mobile network code 02 short name GLOBE long name GLOBE encryption a5 0 rrlp mode none mm info 1 timezone 8 0 msc mgw remote-ip 127.0.0.1 mgw remote-port 2427 mgw local-ip 127.0.0.1 !mgw endpoint-range 1 31 !mgw bts-base 8000 assign-tmsi cs7-instance-a 0 check-imei-rqd early !timer vlr T3212 1 ctrl bind 127.0.0.1 mncc-int default-codec tch-f fr default-codec tch-h hr hlr remote-ip 127.0.0.1 smpp local-tcp-port 2775 policy accept-all smpp-first esme bhat password bhat default-route

3 2

Splitting out M3UA and MTP3 out of Open BSC into a separate library
by Arran Cudbard-Bell 15 Dec '25

15 Dec '25

Hi, Developing a module for FreeRADIUS to support EAP-SIM and EAP-AKA authentication against a HLR. The HLR we were targeting only supported a SCTP/M3UA/SCCP/TCAP/MAP stack, so we couldn't use SUA. Ripping the M3UA/MTP3 code out of OpenBSC worked surprisingly well. We ended up running the event loop in a separate thread to work around the threading issues. Unfortunately the HLR implements the ANSI variant of everything, whereas OpenBSC and supporting libraries seem to have been written to be compatible with the ITU standards. ...but the differences are fairly minor at MTP3 and SCCP layers, and i've started work on a patchset for libosmo-sccp. https://gerrit.osmocom.org/#/c/73/ Anyway, trying to gauge interest in splitting those layers out of Open BSC into a separate library, would be happy to take on M2UA as well for consistency. It would almost certainly get more projects using the code. There's very little out there even in Perl land for working with SS7. Thanks, -Arran Arran Cudbard-Bell <a.cudbardb(a)freeradius.org> FreeRADIUS Development Team FD31 3077 42EC 7FCD 32FE 5EE2 56CF 27F9 30A8 CAA2

8 8

Pysim error: SW match failed
by Martin Nagy 16 Aug '25

16 Aug '25

Hi all, After buying a super Sim Kit (16 in 1) from China, I tried the reader (green PCB inside a blue transparent plastic case with a blue LED) and SIM (identified as a fakesupersim) with pysim tool. However i am getting the following error: /pySim-prog.py -n 26C3 -c 49 -x 262 -y 42 -z 1234 -j 1 -t auto Insert card now (or CTRL-C to cancel) Autodetected card type fakemagicsim Generated card parameters : > Name : 26C3 > SMSP : e1ffffffffffffffffffffffff058100945555ffffffffffff000000 > ICCID : 8949262427518313026 > MCC/MNC : 262/42 > IMSI : 262422461512085 > Ki : 7b74741a1ee14337ec23f9ab92a13648 > OPC : ccd867d60797d8d45354a51b3ef568ff Programming ... Traceback (most recent call last): File "./pySim-prog.py", line 530, in <module> card.program(cp) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/cards.py", line 231, in program self._scc.update_binary('6f30', hplmn + 'ff' * (tl-3)) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/commands.py", line 53, in update_binary return self._tp.send_apdu_checksw(pdu) File "/home/nadicek/pysim/pysim/pySim/transport/__init__.py", line 87, in send_apdu_checksw raise RuntimeError("SW match failed ! Expected %s and got %s." % (sw.lower(), rv[1])) RuntimeError: SW match failed ! Expected 9000 and got 9804. I checked mailing lists and haven’t found anybody who had similar problem with pysim. Also I have tried forcing different models of SIM, but nothing is working. Obviously I can remove this check from the script file (__init__.py in /pySim/transport), however somebody had a reason to put such condition there. I would like to ask if it is safe to remove that line of code and the purpose of that line of code. Thanks a lot and best regards Martin

3 3

pycrate repo update
by benoit michau 22 Jul '25

22 Jul '25

Dear osmocom developpers, This is just to let you know that the Python library pycrate has a new home : https://github.com/pycrate-org/pycrate. The packages on Pypi are now feeded from there. This library can be used in many cases dealing with mobile signalling. I wanted to let you know, as even if I am not aware of any osmocom projects depending on it, some of you may use the library from time to time, or could have local applications depending on it. Best Regards Benoit

2 1

Re: Help with sccp library
by mosbah abdelkader 07 Jul '25

07 Jul '25

> I don't understand. This callback will be called with data you need to write > to the network. In case of MTP Level3 you will need to wrap that around the > msgb you got. I means: is the interaction with mtp3 layer implemented (is sending sccp data by mtp3 implemented by the library?)? Also, what about the reception of data from mtp3 layer. is that implemented in the sccp lib. I am asking these questions because I see the code of mtp3 in the lib but no significant call is present in the sccp part of the lib. Thank you for your help.

4 3

Issues with writing adoc manual for contributed library
by Mychaela Falconia 27 Jun '25

27 Jun '25

Hello Osmocom community, Over the past several months I developed my own RTP endpoint implementation library (alternative to libortp), and I seek to get it merged into libosmo-netif so it can be used by OsmoBTS as an option: https://gerrit.osmocom.org/c/libosmo-netif/+/39280 https://gerrit.osmocom.org/c/libosmo-netif/+/39281 https://gerrit.osmocom.org/c/libosmo-netif/+/39291 I am now working on documentation, which I need to finish before I can lift these patches out of WIP in Gerrit. The last of the 3 WIP patches linked above is the one adding an adoc manual, built with the same tools as other Osmocom manuals, and I need some help with this one: 1) When I run './configure --enable-manuals' followed by 'make' on the Debian machine which Vadim provided to me for Osmocom documentation work, everything seems successful and I get a PDF rendering of my WIP manual. However, as soon as I uploaded this patch to Gerrit, I see a build failure in Jenkins. What am I doing wrong? I'm afraid that my knowledge of Autotools is not good enough to figure this one out. 2) My progress in writing the actual manual has reached the point where I need to insert some graphical diagrams showing the flow of RTP packets and the latency and jitter they experience in transit. I am thinking of one horizontal axis showing regularly spaced packets as they are emitted by the source, then forward-and-down arrows showing their transit with fixed or variable latency, then another horizontal axis below showing the receiver's view of time, with marked arrival times of packets (endpoints of latency arrows) and fixed-spacing times when the GSM or TDM system polls the jitter buffer. Question: what is the appropriate tool within the accepted Osmocom adoc suite for drawing such diagrams? If I weren't trying to get my RTP implementation accepted into Osmocom, I would have written this manual in troff on my favorite 1980s UNIX system, using pic preprocessor in the troff suite for graphical drawings like this one - but I reason that I need to write my manual within Osmocom documentation framework in order to maximize the chance of the associated code library being accepted into libosmo-netif, with follow-on patches to osmo-bts to use it optionally as an alternative to libortp. 3) When I do successful test builds on Vadim's Debian machine and get a PDF rendering of my WIP manual, the cover page in the PDF features both Sysmocom and Osmocom logos just like the mainstream Osmocom manuals, with Sysmocom logo on top. While this arrangement is probably appropriate for the existing manuals which were written predominantly by members of Sysmocom crew, it seems quite wrong for an external contributor's manual that does not contain a single sentence written by Sysmocom. How do I tweak things to remove that Sysmocom logo from the cover page, or even better, put San Diego 2G Association logo in its place? My contributions to Osmocom are directly linked to my efforts to build a new GSM network in San Diego, hence there is some symmetry between Sysmocom and SD2G in terms of Osmocom FLOSS project contributions, except for the rather big asymmetry in that SD2G is strictly non-profit. M~

4 3

dynamic traffic channels
by Neels Hofmeyr 20 May '25

20 May '25

On Tue, Jun 28, 2016 at 10:05:28AM +0200, Harald Welte wrote: > [translated from german] > is it certain that we switch a channel to PDCH only when > gprs mode != none? A TS can be GSM_PCHAN_TCH_F_PDCH; those are the only ones for which we send a PDCH ACT message. We send a PDCH ACT message - during init (CHANNEL OML's state changed to enabled -> send PDCH ACT), - and upon channel release ack when pchan == GSM_PCHAN_TCH_F_PDCH. So the question is, when we receive a channel release ack, could that be the PDCH release and we switch PDCH right back on by accident? No, because we only receive a chan rel ack when the *TCH/F* is being released. That is because the PDCH release is initiated "internally" from the PDCH DEACT, and thus this condition in common/rsl.c rsl_tx_rf_rel_ack() catches on, which existed before dyn PDCH: if (lchan->rel_act_kind != LCHAN_REL_ACT_RSL) { LOGP(DRSL, LOGL_NOTICE, "%s not sending REL ACK\n", gsm_lchan_name(lchan)); return 0; } In rsl_rx_rf_chan_rel() the rel_act_kind is set to LCHAN_REL_ACT_RSL, but not in the rsl_rx_dyn_pdch(). This is analogous to the ip.access way -- the ip.access nanobts replies to a PDCH DEACT with a PDCH DEACT ACK and doesn't send a separate channel release ack. Maybe we could set rel_act_kind to some new LCHAN_REL_ACT_IPAC_DYN_PDCH for clarity? (But we shouldn't actually send a release ack, to stay compatible.) Even though it works as-is, we should indeed add another flag check: - We do check the flags that no ACT/DEACT is already pending; - And we do send a PDCH DEACT only if ts->flags & TS_F_PDCH_ACTIVE; - But we would send a PDCH ACT despite ts->flags & TS_F_PDCH_ACTIVE. This should never happen, but it would make sense to ensure that. ~Neels

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[libosmocore] testsuite: 61 87 failed on s390x
by Jaroslav Škarvada 08 Apr '25

08 Apr '25

Hi, I built libosmocore head (commit 84dcf73625513af44e711b2c99e21ee2c33b7eff at that time) on Fedora 43 (rawhide) and on s390x 4 tests failed. Iit's s390x running in qemu on x86_64, but it also fails on native s390 - there I saw failures of tests 25 26 69 90 (unfortunately I don't have the log from the native run). So probably more tests can coredump, to see all the problematic tests, it would probably require running through the valgrind. I am reporting it according to the provided instructions thanks & regards Jaroslav

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