OpenBSC December 2025

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26 participants
38 discussions

Discovering the World of Block Blast
by artistic.bobolink.ecoq＠protectsmail.net 08 Dec '25

08 Dec '25

Have you ever wanted to dive into a puzzle game that sparks creativity while sharpening your strategy skills? Look no further than Block Blast! This engaging game combines elements of stacking and matching to create a unique experience that keeps players coming back for more. Whether you’re a casual gamer or someone who enjoys a good challenge, Block Blast is designed to provide hours of fun. Let’s explore how to play this fantastic game, along with some handy tips to enhance your experience! https://blockblasts.io/ Gameplay At its core, Block Blast is all about placing blocks on a grid to create matches and clear space. Players start with a set of colored blocks and must strategically place them on the board to connect three or more of the same color. Successfully creating matches will cause the blocks to disappear, giving way to new blocks falling from the top of the screen. One of the unique aspects of Block Blast is its level-based structure. Each level presents its own challenges and goals, such as reaching a certain score within a limited number of moves or clearing a specific number of blocks. As players progress through the levels, the difficulty ramps up, introducing new colors and obstacle blocks that require a thoughtful approach to overcome. To play, simply drag and drop the blocks onto the grid, focusing on where they will land and what matches you can create. The game encourages creative thinking, and the more you play, the better you’ll get at visualizing potential moves several steps ahead. Plus, there are power-ups sprinkled throughout to help you clear tough levels, making for an even more dynamic gaming experience. Tips for Success As with any game, having a strategy can make all the difference in your performance in Block Blast. Here are some helpful tips to get you started: Plan Ahead: Always look a few moves ahead before placing your blocks. Consider what colors and shapes are on the board, and how your next move can manipulate the grid to your advantage. Prioritize Power-Ups: Whenever possible, try to create matches that will generate power-ups. These can clear larger sections of the board or trigger spectacular combinations that earn you bonus points. Focus on the Edges: Starting matches from the edges of the board can often lead to better outcomes, as they create more opportunities for matches without getting stuck in the middle. Clear Obstacles Early: If you encounter obstructions or locked blocks, prioritize clearing them as early as possible. This will provide more space and options as you progress in your game. Stay Patient: Don’t rush your moves! Take a moment to assess the board before acting. The game is designed to reward strategic thinking rather than quick, impulsive actions. Conclusion Block Blast is more than just a game; it’s an intriguing puzzle experience filled with colorful graphics and engaging challenges. By understanding the gameplay mechanics and employing some smart strategies, you can maximize your enjoyment and skill in the game. So, if you’re ready to take on the challenge, hop over to Block Blast and start your journey today. Happy gaming!

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Front and back sides of an MSC
by Mychaela Falconia 08 Dec '25

08 Dec '25

Hello Osmocom community, I have a question about terminology that is not really specific to Osmocom, but is specific to GSM/3G/etc cellular industry, or whatever is left of it. An MSC in a GSM or 3G or any other circuit-switched cellular network has two sides: one side facing the RAN (A interface in GSM, IuCS in 3G), the other side facing PSTN or ISDN or BICC or SIP-I or whatever the fixed telephone network may be. My question: is there a general industry-wide agreement as to which side should be called the front and which should be called the back? To me it seems intuitive to refer to the A/IuCS side of an MSC as the front and the PSTN/ISDN/BICC/SIP-I side of the same MSC as the back. However, I am just one person, and I have no idea whether or not my view is intuitive to others. And it would even worse if the opposite convention happens to be widely used... Hence I am asking this community, in the hope that someone with more industry experience would know how telco network engineers casually refer to RAN-facing and fixed-network-facing sides of an MSC. For a long time I had the idea of building ThemWi MSC as a modular system (multiple processes talking to each other via sockets) with a stripped-down OsmoMSC derivative as the "central" component, and with a radically different placement of MSC-MGW. However, as I started working on more detailed design, I realized a major flaw in my originally envisioned architecture: my original approach to MSC-MGW would break TFO for AMR, specifically the dialogue between TFO-aware BTS and the TRAU equivalent in the MGW. I am now spinning a new architecture in my head, one which tentatively includes two dissimilar MGWs in the MSC. If my front vs back terminology is valid, then the front MGW (talking to AoIP user plane) would perform speech transcoding but become a transparent pass-through for CSD (basically a software-only, IP-based equivalent of a hardware TCSM colocated at the MSC site), while the back MGW would be a transparent pass-through for speech calls, but turn into a complex IWF for CSD. This tentative architecture exactly matches the placement of speech transcoding and CSD IWF functions in traditional hardware MSCs of TDM-based, before-AoIP world. But I need to know if I should keep these front and back terms, or swap them the other way around. M~

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AMR on E1 BTS with tw-e1abis-mgw
by Mychaela Falconia 07 Dec '25

07 Dec '25

Hello Osmocom community, I am pleased to announce that my new E1 Abis MGW (replacement for the limited E1 Abis function in osmo-mgw) now supports AMR speech codec, in addition to FR/HR/EFR and CSD: https://gitea.osmocom.org/themwi/tw-e1abis-mgw Basically compile it from source following instructions in the README file, run it alongside with all of the standard Osmocom components, and enjoy the addition of AMR and CSD capabilities - if you have E1 BTS hardware, that is... (For those not familiar with E1 BTS support in Osmocom, the E1 Abis MGW function of osmo-mgw supports FR/HR/EFR, but not AMR or CSD.) I realize that this news item may not be of much interest to most people nowadays, simply because almost no one uses the combination of Osmocom CNI stack with E1 BTS hardware any more. However, there is little in the way of hardware alternatives: if someone wishes to operate a traditional high-power, high-capacity GSM cell site (typical 3-sector geometry, high Tx power, multiple TRXs per sector for decent capacity), I am not aware of any publicly available hardware that can achieve this job in the "modern" way of SDR etc. Hence finding old Ericsson or Nokia BTS hardware on the surplus market, just old enough to still offer E1 interface as an option, is the only practically available choice for a professional-quality cell site with Osmocom software stack from the BSC up. And why does it have to be E1, why not more "modern" hw from the same Ericsson/Nokia/etc that still supports GSM, but only with IP interfaces? Answer: those IP interfaces are proprietary, and we have no docs - or at least I don't. OTOH, E1 is highly standardized, and for those parts that differ per vendor, our little community already has the necessary knowledge... I will now be preparing some patches for osmo-bsc and its underlying libosmo-mgcp-client to support switching on TW-TS-006 and TW-TS-007 RTP enhancements in the E1 Abis MGW when the CN requested them via BSSMAP extension of TW-TS-003, and then I will need to get back to work on CN software, namely a more proper MSC. I now have a new modular architecture in mind, in which osmo-msc will be just one component of what I consider to be the MSC as a whole. osmo-msc will need some patches in order to work with a different MGW (one that transcodes to G.711) and some MNCC changes, but I'll implement them in such way that all functional changes will be enabled either by vty config or by bits set in MNCC struct by external MNCC sw, so those patches will stand a chance of being mergeable. But the part with osmo-msc patches is still far away... GSM/2G Forever, Mother Mychaela

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osmo-trx-ms documentation
by Степан Королев 07 Dec '25

07 Dec '25

Hello. I'm looking for a replacement for grgsm_trx, and I came across osmo- trx-ms in the osmo-trx repository. But I came across a lack of information about this project. You can find out its status and whether it is recommended to use it in principle as a Front-End SDR for osmocom-bb mobile.

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What is a MS Degree in Pakistan? A Complete Guide
by vemew27700＠datehype.com 06 Dec '25

06 Dec '25

If you’re planning to advance your academic qualifications or specialize in a specific field, you may be wondering: What is a MS degree in Pakistan? In simple terms, an MS (Master of Science) degree is a postgraduate academic program focused on research, advanced study, and professional skill development. It is designed for students who have completed a bachelor’s degree—typically a BS or a 16-year education—and want to deepen their expertise in a specialized discipline. In Pakistan, an MS degree is considered equivalent to an MPhil in many fields, especially when the program includes a strong research component. The Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan recognizes the MS as a rigorous and credible qualification that prepares students for both industry roles and PhD-level research. Structure and Duration of an MS Degree To better understand What is a MS degree in Pakistan, it’s important to look at how the program is structured. Generally, an MS degree spans 1.5 to 2 years, depending on the university and the student’s pace. The program typically includes: Coursework: Advanced-level courses related to the chosen field, such as engineering, computer science, management sciences, social sciences, or biological sciences. Research Thesis or Project: Students usually choose between writing a research thesis or completing a research-based project. A thesis is preferred by those planning to pursue a PhD. Credit Hours: MS programs usually require 30 credit hours, which may include a mix of coursework and research. Eligibility Requirements Anyone seeking an answer to What is a MS degree in Pakistan should also understand who qualifies for admission. Typically, universities require: A 16-year education such as BS, BA (Hons), BSc (Hons), or professional degrees like BBA and BE. A minimum CGPA (usually 2.5 or above) or equivalent marks. Passing an entry test, such as the GAT (General) or a university-specific exam. An interview to assess research interest and academic preparedness. Why Pursue an MS Degree in Pakistan? There are several reasons why students choose to pursue an MS degree: Career Advancement: Many employers prefer candidates with a postgraduate degree for senior or technical roles. Research Opportunities: If you plan to move into academia or pursue a PhD, an MS degree is an essential stepping stone. Specialization: The program allows you to gain mastery in areas like AI, finance, biotechnology, psychology, and engineering. Higher Earning Potential: Postgraduate degree holders often receive better starting salaries and leadership positions. Conclusion Understanding What is a MS degree in Pakistan is essential for students aiming to elevate their academic and professional journey. The MS program is a prestigious and globally recognized qualification that focuses on research, critical thinking, and advanced knowledge. Whether you plan to move into the workforce or pursue further studies abroad, an MS degree in Pakistan offers a solid foundation for success. Start Free Mock Exam: >>>> https://part1pk.com/

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Kamagra Oral Jelly for Men – Fast-Acting ED Solution
by elenawilliams2626＠gmail.com 04 Dec '25

04 Dec '25

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How to Effectively Prepare for the Oracle 1Z0-1127-25 Exam in Minimal Time
by mahmad.iworks＠gmail.com 03 Dec '25

03 Dec '25

Facing a certification exam can feel daunting, especially when time is short. The Oracle 1Z0-1127-25 exam tests a wide range of skills and concepts, requiring both conceptual understanding and practical application. However, with a structured approach, you can study efficiently and make the most of your available time. A good first step is to familiarize yourself with the official exam objectives. Oracle provides a detailed outline of the topics and skills assessed in the 1Z0-1127-25 exam. Breaking the syllabus into smaller, manageable sections allows you to prioritize areas that need the most attention. Start with high-weightage topics and ensure you have a strong understanding of core concepts before moving on to the more advanced material. Next, combine different study resources for a balanced approach. Textbooks, official documentation, and online tutorials are essential for conceptual clarity, but incorporating practice materials is equally important. Many candidates find Oracle <a href="https://www.pass4future.com/oracle/exam/1z0-1127-25">1Z0-1127-25 Exam dumps</a> helpful for familiarizing themselves with question patterns and time management. While these dumps should never replace proper study, they can highlight commonly tested areas and help simulate real exam conditions. Active learning techniques can also save time and improve retention. Creating quick notes, flashcards, or mind maps for complex topics allows for rapid revision. Additionally, scheduling short, focused study sessions, rather than long, unfocused hours, can boost concentration and prevent burnout. Finally, practice consistently. Even in minimal time, attempting mock tests regularly helps track progress, identify weak spots, and build confidence. Review mistakes carefully to ensure you don’t repeat them in the actual exam. By combining clear planning, strategic use of resources like Oracle 1Z0-1127-25 Exam dumps, and consistent practice, it is possible to prepare effectively even with limited time. Remember, the quality of study often outweighs quantity.

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Unleash Your Creativity with Block Blast: The Ultimate Puzzle Challenge
by amie90＠comfythings.com 01 Dec '25

01 Dec '25

Welcome to Block Blast, the exciting puzzle game that is capturing the hearts of players everywhere! If you enjoy games that stimulate your mind while providing endless fun, then head over to https://blockblastfree.com and dive into this remarkable experience. At its core, Block Blast is all about strategy and spatial awareness. The objective is simple: arrange and fit a variety of colorful block shapes into a grid, clearing entire rows or columns to score points. But don’t let the simplicity fool you! As more blocks fill the screen, it’s up to your creativity and quick thinking to avoid being overwhelmed. The game challenges you to think several steps ahead, making decisions that will not only clear blocks but also set you up for future moves. The strategic aspect of Block Blast is what sets it apart from other puzzle games. Players must consider the different types of block shapes available and how they can best be placed on the board. The thrill of clearing multiple rows or columns at once is immensely satisfying, rewarding you with extra points and a sense of accomplishment. The more blocks you clear in a single move, the higher your score! Furthermore, Block Blast is not only a game of skill but also one of relaxation. The soothing graphics and calming music create an immersive environment, allowing you to unwind while you play. Whether you're taking a quick break or indulging in a lengthy gaming session, Block Blast offers the perfect escape. So, gather your wits and prepare to engage your brain in this delightful puzzle adventure. With every game, you’ll find new challenges, rekindle your creativity, and experience the satisfaction of mastering the art of block arrangement!

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OpenBSC December 2025